幼儿学习新拟声词时受益于象似性：3岁组效应显著
Young children benefit from iconicity when learning novel onomatopoeia
依据摘要，两项实验（2024—2025年，实验2为预注册）将111名儿童（55名18个月、56名3岁）随机分入一致或不一致组，学习与玩具动物声音匹配或不匹配的拟声词名称。儿童对一致名称的学习显著更好（r≈.24），但该效应仅在3岁组显著。作者据此认为拟声词中的象似性有助于儿童词汇学习，且对年龄较大的儿童可能更强；摘要未报告18个月组效应不显著的具体原因。
Iconic words, especially animal onomatopoeia, are more prevalent in infant- than adult-directed speech, possibly because iconicity bootstraps word learning. However, because infants may be unfamiliar with the sounds onomatopoeia imitate, it remains unclear whether this advantage reflects greater ease of learning. Across two experiments (2024–2025, Experiment 2—pre-registered), 111 children (69 male, 98 white, 55 18-month-olds, 56 3-year-olds) were randomly allocated to congruent or incongruent groups and told onomatopoeic names for toys that matched or mismatched animal-sounds the toys made. Children were tested on their learning of toys' names. Children learned congruent names significantly better ( r ≈ .24); however, the effect was significant only for 3-year-olds. Thus, iconicity in onomatopoeia facilitates children's word learning, possibly more strongly for older children.
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来源：Child Development · academic.oup.com