抑郁在生物性别与发育阶段间是否存在差异？儿童至青少年期抑郁症状的结构与测量不变性检验

Depressive symptoms increase markedly in adolescence, especially among females. It remains unclear whether this reflects age- and sex-related changes in levels of the same construct or differences in the nature or expression of depression. We examined whether depression is structurally equivalent across age and sex. A community sample of 481 youth was assessed from age 9 to 18 at 3-year intervals. At each wave, participants completed the Children’s Depression Inventory. We evaluated the Children’s Depression Inventory factor structure and tested measurement invariance (MI) across development and sex. A unidimensional structure was supported at all waves. Developmental MI analyses indicated configural, metric, and partial scalar invariance. Sex-based MI analyses within the longitudinal framework showed similar results. Depression appears largely structurally consistent across development and sex, although its expression may vary slightly as a function of changing contexts and socioemotional development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved)

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