人们如何使用种族类别进行概括：黑人与白人美国人对种族本质与系统性种族主义的信念差异
Diversity in how people use racial categories to generalize
三项实证研究考察了认同种族概括陈述的黑人（N=387）与白人（N=400）美国参与者的信念与态度。在控制对同一事件非概括陈述的认同后，关于能力与品格的概括陈述预测种族本质信念（及认同种族等级），而关于社会机构中经历与结果的概括陈述预测系统性种族主义信念（及拒绝种族等级）。这表明人们使用种族进行概括的方式与原因存在多样性，概括性语言灵活地容纳了这种多样性。
Generic statements, such as "Black people are strong", can imply that there are racial essences. But what about generic statements like "Black people face barriers to career advancement"? Statements like these may instead imply the existence of systemic racism. In three empirical studies, we examined the beliefs and attitudes held by Black (N = 387) and White (N = 400) American participants who endorse generic statements, controlling for endorsement of non-generic statements about the same events. For both Black and White Americans, generic statements about ability and character predicted a belief in racial essences (and endorsing the racial hierarchy), whereas generic statements about experiences and outcomes in social institutions predicted a belief in systemic racism (and rejecting the racial hierarchy). Thus, there is diversity in how and why people use race to generalize, and generic language flexibly accommodates that diversity.
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来源：Cognition · sciencedirect.com